ICloneable Interface

class Employee
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Salary { get; set; }
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
    Employee emp01 = new Employee 
    { Id = 1, Name = "John", Salary = 1_000};
    Employee emp02 = new Employee 
    { Id = 2, Name = "Jane", Salary = 2_000};
    Console.WriteLine(emp01.GetHashCode()); // 43942917
    Console.WriteLine(emp02.GetHashCode()); // 59941933
    
    Console.WriteLine("==========");
 
    emp02 = emp01; // Shallow copy
    Console.WriteLine(emp01.GetHashCode()); // 43942917
    Console.WriteLine(emp02.GetHashCode()); // 43942917
 
    Console.WriteLine("==========");
 
    // emp01 = emp02.Clone(); 
    // We don't have here we need to use ICloneable
}

• مفيش حاجة اسمها clone غير في الـ Array clone ودي بتستخدم الـ Interface اللي اسمه ICloneable
• بس أي Object تاني لو عايز يبقا عنده Clone لازم أورث من الـ Interface دا وأمضي على الـ Contract بتاع الـ Interface الأول وبعدين أعمل Implement بقا للـ Clone دي تعمل ايه بالظبط
• بنستخدم الطرق دي عشان نعمل Deep Copy

    public abstract partial class Array : ICloneable, IList, IStructuralComparable, IStructuralEquatable
 
 
//
// Summary:
//     Supports cloning, which creates a new instance of a class with the same value
//     as an existing instance.
public interface ICloneable
{
    //
    // Summary:
    //     Creates a new object that is a copy of the current instance.
    //
    // Returns:
    //     A new object that is a copy of this instance.
    object Clone();
}

• الـ Interface جواه Method واحدة اللي هي الـ Clone
• بيحقق مبدأ الـ Single Responsibility Principle انك مش هتلاقي غير method واحدة أو ممكن يبقا فيها أكتر من method بس مرتبطين ببعض

class Employee : ICloneable
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Salary { get; set; }
    public object Clone()
    {
        return new Employee()
        {
            Id = this.Id,
            Name = this.Name,
            Salary = this.Salary
        };
    }
}
 
// Main
emp01 = (Employee) emp02.Clone(); // Deep Copy
 
Console.WriteLine("Employee 1");
Console.WriteLine(emp01.GetHashCode()); // 2606490
Console.WriteLine($"{emp01.Id}, {emp01.Name}, {emp01.Salary:c}"); // 1, John, $1,000.00
 
Console.WriteLine("Employee 2");
Console.WriteLine(emp02.GetHashCode()); // 43942917
Console.WriteLine($"{emp02.Id}, {emp02.Name}, {emp02.Salary:c}"); // 1, John, $1,000.00

---

We can also use Copy constructor Or we can use copy constructor and Clone

public object Clone()
{
	return new Employee(this);
}